The United Kingdom`s withdrawal from the European Union, or Brexit, has been a long and drawn-out process. After years of negotiations, an agreement was finally reached on December 24, 2020, just days before the transition period ended on December 31, 2020. So, what are the main points of the Brexit agreement?
1. Trade Relations
The agreement outlines the new trading relationship between the UK and the EU. It establishes zero tariffs and quotas for all goods traded between the two entities, provided they meet certain conditions. However, there are some limitations, particularly for products such as meat and dairy, which will still face significant barriers to trade.
2. Fishing
Fishing was one of the most contentious issues during the Brexit negotiations, and the deal reached on fisheries was one of the last to be resolved. However, the agreement sets out how EU fishing boats will gradually give up access to UK waters over a five-and-a-half-year transition period. After that, the UK will take full control of its waters.
3. Security
The Brexit agreement includes provisions for security cooperation between the UK and the EU. The UK will continue to cooperate with the EU on issues such as counter-terrorism, cybercrime, and money laundering. However, the agreement does not include the UK`s participation in the EU`s law enforcement agency, Europol, or the European Arrest Warrant system.
4. Travel and Movement
The agreement ensures visa-free travel between the UK and the EU for short stays of up to 90 days. However, UK citizens will no longer have automatic rights to live and work in the EU, and vice versa. The agreement does include provisions for the recognition of professional qualifications, which should make it easier for UK citizens to work in the EU and vice versa.
5. Governance
The Brexit agreement establishes a system for dispute resolution and enforcement. If there are disagreements or disputes between the UK and the EU, an arbitration panel will be established to solve them. The European Court of Justice will no longer have jurisdiction over the UK, and the UK will not be required to follow EU law.
In conclusion, the Brexit agreement sets out a new relationship between the UK and the EU, covering trade, fishing, security, travel, and governance. It provides a framework for cooperation between the two entities, but also recognizes that the UK is no longer a member of the EU and therefore has different rights and obligations. Only time will tell how this new relationship will play out, but for now, these are the main points of the Brexit agreement.